© Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2011
October, 2011 Rev. 12
1Publication Order Number:
LM317/D
LM317, NCV317
1.5 A Adjustable Output,
Positive Voltage Regulator
The LM317 is an adjustable 3terminal positive voltage regulator
capable of supplying in excess of 1.5 A over an output voltage range of
1.2 V to 37 V. This voltage regulator is exceptionally easy to use and
requires only two external resistors to set the output voltage. Further, it
employs internal current limiting, thermal shutdown and safe area
compensation, making it essentially blowout proof.
The LM317 serves a wide variety of applications including local, on
card regulation. This device can also be used to make a programmable
output regulator, or by connecting a fixed resistor between the
adjustment and output, the LM317 can be used as a precision current
regulator.
Features
Output Current in Excess of 1.5 A
Output Adjustable between 1.2 V and 37 V
Internal Thermal Overload Protection
Internal Short Circuit Current Limiting Constant with Temperature
Output Transistor SafeArea Compensation
Floating Operation for High Voltage Applications
Available in Surface Mount D2PAK3, and Standard 3Lead
Transistor Package
Eliminates Stocking many Fixed Voltages
PbFree Packages are Available
Figure 1. Standard Application
**Cin is required if regulator is located an appreciable distance from power supply filter.
**CO is not needed for stability, however, it does improve transient response.
Since IAdj is controlled to less than 100 mA, the error associated with this term is
negligible in most applications.
Vout+ 1.25Vǒ1)R2
R1Ǔ)I
AdjR2
LM317
Vin Vout
R1
240
R2
Adjust
IAdj
Cin*
0.1 mF
+CO**
1.0 mF
TO220
T SUFFIX
CASE 221AB
Pin 1. Adjust
2. Vout
3. Vin
D2PAK3
D2T SUFFIX
CASE 936
Heatsink surface (shown as terminal 4 in
case outline drawing) is connected to Pin 2.
3
12
Heatsink surface connected to Pin 2.
3
12
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See detailed ordering and shipping information in the package
dimensions section on page 10 of this data sheet.
ORDERING INFORMATION
See general marking information in the device marking
section on page 10 of this data sheet.
DEVICE MARKING INFORMATION
LM317, NCV317
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2
MAXIMUM RATINGS
Rating Symbol Value Unit
InputOutput Voltage Differential VIVO0.3 to 40 Vdc
Power Dissipation
Case 221A
TA = +25°C PDInternally Limited W
Thermal Resistance, JunctiontoAmbient qJA 65 °C/W
Thermal Resistance, JunctiontoCase qJC 5.0 °C/W
Case 936 (D2PAK3)
TA = +25°C PDInternally Limited W
Thermal Resistance, JunctiontoAmbient qJA 70 °C/W
Thermal Resistance, JunctiontoCase qJC 5.0 °C/W
Operating Junction Temperature Range TJ55 to +150 °C
Storage Temperature Range Tstg 65 to +150 °C
Stresses exceeding Maximum Ratings may damage the device. Maximum Ratings are stress ratings only. Functional operation above the
Recommended Operating Conditions is not implied. Extended exposure to stresses above the Recommended Operating Conditions may affect
device reliability.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VIVO = 5.0 V; IO = 0.5 A for D2T and T packages; TJ = Tlow to Thigh (Note 1); Imax and Pmax
(Note 2); unless otherwise noted.)
Characteristics Figure Symbol Min Typ Max Unit
Line Regulation (Note 3), TA = +25°C, 3.0 V VIVO 40 V 1 Regline 0.01 0.04 %/V
Load Regulation (Note 3), TA = +25°C, 10 mA IO Imax
VO 5.0 V
VO 5.0 V
2 Regload
5.0
0.1
25
0.5
mV
% VO
Thermal Regulation, TA = +25°C (Note 4), 20 ms Pulse Regtherm 0.03 0.07 % VO/W
Adjustment Pin Current 3 IAdj 50 100 mA
Adjustment Pin Current Change, 2.5 V VIVO 40 V,
10 mA IL Imax, PD Pmax
1, 2 DIAdj 0.2 5.0 mA
Reference Voltage, 3.0 V VIVO 40 V, 10 mA IO Imax, PD Pmax 3 Vref 1.2 1.25 1.3 V
Line Regulation (Note 3), 3.0 V VIVO 40 V 1 Regline 0.02 0.07 % V
Load Regulation (Note 3), 10 mA IO Imax
VO 5.0 V
VO 5.0 V
2 Regload
20
0.3
70
1.5
mV
% VO
Temperature Stability (Tlow TJ Thigh) 3 TS0.7 % VO
Minimum Load Current to Maintain Regulation (VIVO = 40 V) 3 ILmin 3.5 10 mA
Maximum Output Current
VIVO 15 V, PD Pmax, T Package
VIVO = 40 V, PD Pmax, TA = +25°C, T Package
3 Imax
1.5
0.15
2.2
0.4
A
RMS Noise, % of VO, TA = +25°C, 10 Hz f 10 kHz N0.003 % VO
Ripple Rejection, VO = 10 V, f = 120 Hz (Note 5)
Without CAdj
CAdj = 10 mF
4 RR
66
65
80
dB
Thermal Shutdown (Note 6) 180 °C
LongTerm Stability, TJ = Thigh (Note 7), TA = +25°C for
Endpoint Measurements
3 S 0.3 1.0 %/1.0
kHrs.
Thermal Resistance JunctiontoCase, T Package RqJC 5.0 °C/W
1. Tlow to Thigh = 0° to +125°C, for LM317T, D2T. Tlow to Thigh = 40° to +125°C, for LM317BT, BD2T, Tlow to Thigh = 55° to +150°C, for
NCV317BT, BD2T.
2. Imax = 1.5 A, Pmax = 20 W
3. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into account
separately. Pulse testing with low duty cycle is used.
4. Power dissipation within an IC voltage regulator produces a temperature gradient on the die, affecting individual IC components on the die.
These effects can be minimized by proper integrated circuit design and layout techniques. Thermal Regulation is the effect of these
temperature gradients on the output voltage and is expressed in percentage of output change per watt of power change in a specified time.
5. CAdj, when used, is connected between the adjustment pin and ground.
6. Thermal characteristics are not subject to production test.
7. Since LongTerm Stability cannot be measured on each device before shipment, this specification is an engineering estimate of average
stability from lot to lot.
LM317, NCV317
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Figure 2. Representative Schematic Diagram
This device contains 29 active transistors.
310 310 230 120 5.6 k
Vin
170
6.3 V
160
12 k
5.0 pF
6.8 k
13 k
6.3 V
105
4.0
0.1
Vout
Adjust
12.5 k
2.4 k
30pF
6.3 V
125 k 135
190
12.4 k
3.6 k 5.8 k 110 5.1 k
6.7 k
510 200
30pF
Figure 3. Line Regulation and DIAd
j
/Line Test Circuit
*Pulse testing required.
*1% Duty Cycle
*is suggested.
*
VCC
VIH
VIL
Vin Vout
RL
+
1.0 mF
CO
240
1%
R1
Adjust
R2
1%
Cin 0.1 mFIAdj
LM317
LineRegulation(%ńV) +
|VOH–VOL|
|VOL|x100 VOH
VOL
LM317, NCV317
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4
Figure 4. Load Regulation and DIAdj/Load Test Circuit
Figure 5. Standard Test Circuit
Figure 6. Ripple Rejection Test Circuit
VO
LM317
VO (min Load) - VO (max Load)
*Pulse testing required.
*1% Duty Cycle is suggested.
Load Regulation (mV) = VO (min Load) - VO (max Load) Load Regulation (% VO) = x 100
VO (min Load)
VO (max Load)
Cin 0.1 mF
Adjust
R2
1%
CO1.0 mF
+
*
RL
(max Load) RL
(min Load)
Vout
R1240
1%
VIVin
IAdj
IL
* Pulse testing required.
* 1% Duty Cycle is suggested.
Vin Vout
Adjust
R1240
1%
+
1.0 mF
CO
RL
Cin
R2
1%
To Calculate R2: Vout = ISET R2 + 1.250 V
To Calculate R2: Assume ISET = 5.25 mA
IL
IAdj
ISET
Vref
VO
VI
0.1 mF
Vin Vout
Vout = 10 V
RL
Cin 0.1 mF
Adjust R1240
1%
D1*
1N4002
CO
+
1.0 mF
24 V
14 V
R21.65 k
1% CAdj 10 mF
+
*D1 Discharges CAdj if output is shorted to Ground.
f = 120 Hz
LM317
LM317
VO (min Load)
LM317, NCV317
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Figure 7. Load Regulation Figure 8. Current Limit
Figure 9. Adjustment Pin Current Figure 10. Dropout Voltage
Figure 11. Temperature Stability Figure 12. Minimum Operating Current
ΔVout, OUTPUT VOLTAGE CHANGE (%)
Vin = 15 V
Vout = 10 V
Iout, OUTPUT CURRENT (A)
, ADJUSTMENT PIN CURRENT ( A)
Adj μI
, INPUT-OUTPUT VOLTAGE
in out
V-V
ref
V , REFERENCE VOLTAGE (V)
IB, QUIESCENT CURRENT (mA) DIFFERENTIAL (Vdc)
0.4
0.2
0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
-0.8
-1.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0
70
65
60
55
50
45
40
35
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
1.26
1.25
1.24
1.23
1.22
5.0
4.5
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150
TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C)
010203040
Vin-Vout, INPUT-OUTPUT VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL (Vdc)
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150
TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C)
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150
TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C)
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150
TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C)
010203040
Vin-Vout, INPUT-OUTPUT VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL (Vdc)
1.0 A
+150°C
IL = 0.5 A
IL = 1.5 A
-55°C
150°C
TJ = 25°C
DVout = 100 mV IL = 1.5 A
500 mA
200 mA
20 mA
+25°C
TJ = -55°C
LM317, NCV317
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ΔV
VOLTAGE DEVIATION (V)
out, OUTPUT
Figure 13. Ripple Rejection versus Output
Voltage
Figure 14. Ripple Rejection versus
Output Current
Figure 15. Ripple Rejection versus Frequency Figure 16. Output Impedance
Figure 17. Line Transient Response Figure 18. Load Transient Response
V
VOTLAGE CHANGE (V)
Δin ΔV
VOLTAGE DEVIATION (V)
out
, INPUT , OUTPUT
CL = 1.0 mF;
CAdj = 10 mF
Vin
I
CURRENT (A)
L, LOAD
CL = 1.0 mF;
CAdj = 10 mF
IL
RR, RIPPLE REJECTION (dB)
Vin - Vout = 5 V
IL = 500 mA
f = 120 Hz
TJ = 25°C
Without CAdj
CAdj = 10 mF
RR, RIPPLE REJECTION (dB)
Vin = 15 V
Vout = 10 V
f = 120 Hz
TJ = 25°C
Without CAdj
CAdj = 10 mF
Without CAdj
RR, RIPPLE REJECTION (dB)
IL = 500 mA
Vin = 15 V
Vout = 10 V
TJ = 25°C
CAdj = 10 mF
Vin = 15 V
Vout = 10 V
IL = 500 mA
TJ = 25°C
CAdj = 10 mF
Without CAdj
ZOΩ, OUTPUT IMPEDANCE ()
1.5
1.0
0.5
0
-0.5
-1.0
-1.5
1.0
0.5
0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0
-1.0
-2.0
-3.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0
100
80
60
40
20
0
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
100
80
60
40
20
0
101
100
10-1
10-2
10-3
010203040
t, TIME (ms)
010203040
0 5.0 10 15 20 25 30 35
Vout, OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
0.01 0.1 1.0 1
0
IO, OUTPUT CURRENT (A)
10 100 1.0 k 10 k 100 k 1.0 M 10 M
f, FREQUENCY (Hz)
10 100 1.0 k 10 k 100 k 1.0 M
f, FREQUENCY (Hz)
t, TIME (ms)
Vin = 15 V
Vout = 10 V
INL = 50 mA
TJ = 25°C
Vout = 10 V
IL = 50 mA
TJ = 25°CCL = 0;
Without CAdj
CL = 0;
Without CAdj
LM317, NCV317
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APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
Basic Circuit Operation
The LM317 is a 3terminal floating regulator. In
operation, the LM317 develops and maintains a nominal
1.25 V reference (Vref) between its output and adjustment
terminals. This reference voltage is converted to a
programming current (IPROG) by R1 (see Figure 17), and this
constant current flows through R2 to ground.
The regulated output voltage is given by:
Vout+V
refǒ1)R2
R1Ǔ)I
AdjR2
Since the current from the adjustment terminal (IAdj)
represents an error term in the equation, the LM317 was
designed to control IAdj to less than 100 mA and keep it
constant. To do this, all quiescent operating current is
returned to the output terminal. This imposes the
requirement for a minimum load current. If the load current
is less than this minimum, the output voltage will rise.
Since the LM317 is a floating regulator, it is only the
voltage differential across the circuit which is important to
performance, and operation at high voltages with respect to
ground is possible.
Figure 19. Basic Circuit Configuration
+
Vref
Adjust
Vin Vout
LM317
R1
IPROG
Vout
R2
IAdj
Vref = 1.25 V Typical
Vout
Load Regulation
The LM317 is capable of providing extremely good load
regulation, but a few precautions are needed to obtain
maximum performance. For best performance, the
programming resistor (R1) should be connected as close to
the regulator as possible to minimize line drops which
effectively appear in series with the reference, thereby
degrading regulation. The ground end of R2 can be returned
near the load ground to provide remote ground sensing and
improve load regulation.
External Capacitors
A 0.1 mF disc or 1.0 mF tantalum input bypass capacitor
(Cin) is recommended to reduce the sensitivity to input line
impedance.
The adjustment terminal may be bypassed to ground to
improve ripple rejection. This capacitor (CAdj) prevents
ripple from being amplified as the output voltage is
increased. A 10 mF capacitor should improve ripple
rejection about 15 dB at 120 Hz in a 10 V application.
Although the LM317 is stable with no output capacitance,
like any feedback circuit, certain values of external
capacitance can cause excessive ringing. An output
capacitance (CO) in the form of a 1.0 mF tantalum or 25 mF
aluminum electrolytic capacitor on the output swamps this
effect and insures stability.
Protection Diodes
When external capacitors are used with any IC regulator
it is sometimes necessary to add protection diodes to prevent
the capacitors from discharging through low current points
into the regulator.
Figure 18 shows the LM317 with the recommended
protection diodes for output voltages in excess of 25 V or
high capacitance values (CO > 25 mF, CAdj > 10 mF). Diode
D1 prevents CO from discharging thru the IC during an input
short circuit. Diode D2 protects against capacitor CAdj
discharging through the IC during an output short circuit.
The combination of diodes D1 and D2 prevents CAdj from
discharging through the IC during an input short circuit.
Figure 20. Voltage Regulator with Protection Diodes
D1
Vin
Cin
1N4002
LM317
Vout
R1
+
CO
D2
R2CAdj
1N4002
Adjust
LM317, NCV317
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8
Figure 21. D2PAK Thermal Resistance and Maximum
Power Dissipation versus P.C.B. Copper Length
R , THERMAL RESISTANCE
JAθ
JUNCTION‐TO‐AIR ( C/W)°
2.0 oz. Copper
L
L
ÎÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎÎ
PD, MAXIMUM POWER DISSIPATION (W)
30
40
50
60
70
80
010203025155.0
L, LENGTH OF COPPER (mm)
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
Minimum
Size Pad
Free Air
Mounted
Vertically
RqJA
PD(max) for TA = +50°C
Figure 22. ‘‘Laboratory’’ Power Supply with Adjustable Current Limit and Output Voltage
D6*
1N4002
Vin
32 V to 40 V Vin1
LM317
(1)
Adjust 1
Vout1 RSC Vin2 Vout 2Iout
Vout
IN4001
IN4001
240 D5
1N4001
+
1.0 mF
Tantalum
1.0K
Current
Limit
Adjust
Q1
2N3822
5.0 k
Adjust 2
Voltage
Adjust
+
10 mF
D3
D4
D1
1N4001
Q2
2N5640
-10 V
Output Range:0 VO 25 V
Output Range:0 IO 1.5 A
* Diodes D1 and D2 and transistor Q2 are added to
* allow adjustment of output voltage to 0 V.
* D6 protects both LM317's during an input short circuit.
D2
1N4001
-10 V
0.1 mF
LM317
(2)
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Figure 23. Adjustable Current Limiter Figure 24. 5.0 V Electronic Shutdown Regulator
Vref
+25 V
Vin
LM317
Vout R1
1.25
Adjust
Iout
D2
1N4001
2N5640
R2
100
* To provide current limiting of IO to the system
* ground, the source of the FET must be tied to a
* negative voltage below - 1.25 V.
R2 Vref
R1 =
VSS*
D1
1N4001
VO < BVDSS + 1.25 V + VSS,
ILmin - IDSS < IO < 1.5 A.
As shown 0 < IO < 1.0 A.
Vin
D1*
1N4002
Vout
120
Adjust
720
+
1.0 mF
MPS2222
1.0 k
TTL
Control
LM317
Minimum Vout = 1.25 V
* D1 protects the device during an input short circuit.
IOmax + IDSS IDDS
Figure 25. Slow TurnOn Regulator Figure 26. Current Regulator
+1.25V
R1
+
10 mF
Vin Vout
240 1N4001
LM317
Adjust
MPS2907
R2
50 k
LM317
Vin Vout R1
Adjust IAdj
Iout
10 mA Iout 1.5 A
Iout+ǒVref
R1Ǔ)I
Adj
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ORDERING INFORMATION
Device
Operating
Temperature Range Package Shipping
LM317BD2T
TJ = 40°to +125°C
D2PAK3
50 Units / Rail
LM317BD2TG D2PAK3
(PbFree)
LM317BD2TR4 D2PAK3
800 Tape & Reel
LM317BD2TR4G D2PAK3
(PbFree)
LM317BT TO220
50 Units / Rail
LM317BTG TO220
(PbFree)
LM317D2T
TJ = 0°to +125°C
D2PAK350 Units / Rail
LM317D2TG D2PAK3
(PbFree) 50 Units / Rail
LM317D2TR4 D2PAK3800 Tape & Reel
LM317D2TR4G D2PAK3
(PbFree) 800 Tape & Reel
LM317T TO220
50 Units / Rail
LM317TG TO220
(PbFree)
NCV317BD2T*
TJ = 55°to +150°C
D2PAK350 Units / Rail
NCV317BD2TG* D2PAK3
(PbFree) 50 Units / Rail
NCV317BD2TR4* D2PAK3800 Tape & Reel
NCV317BD2TR4G* D2PAK3
(PbFree) 800 Tape & Reel
NCV317BT* TO220 50 Units / Rail
NCV317BTG* TO220
(PbFree) 50 Units / Rail
For information on tape and reel specifications, including part orientation and tape sizes, please refer to our Tape and Reel Packaging
Specifications Brochure, BRD8011/D.
*Devices are qualified for automotive use.
TO220
T SUFFIX
CASE 221A
MARKING DIAGRAMS
A = Assembly Location
WL = Wafer Lot
Y = Year
WW = Work Week
G = PbFree Package
LM
317T
AWLYWWG
NC
V317BT
AWLYWWG
D2PAK3
D2T SUFFIX
CASE 936
LM
317BD2T
AWLYWWG
LM
317D2T
AWLYWWG
NC
V317BD2T
AWLYWWG
1
2
3
1
LM
317BT
AWLYWWG
23 123 123
1
2
31
2
3
LM317, NCV317
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11
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
D
2
PAK3
D2T SUFFIX
CASE 93603
ISSUE D
*For additional information on our PbFree strategy and soldering
details, please download the ON Semiconductor Soldering and
Mounting Techniques Reference Manual, SOLDERRM/D.
SOLDERING FOOTPRINT*
8.38
5.080
DIMENSIONS: MILLIMETERS
PITCH
2X
16.155
1.016
2X
10.49
3.504
5 REF5 REF
V
U
TERMINAL 4
NOTES:
1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI
Y14.5M, 1982.
2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCHES.
3. TAB CONTOUR OPTIONAL WITHIN
DIMENSIONS A AND K.
4. DIMENSIONS U AND V ESTABLISH A MINIMUM
MOUNTING SURFACE FOR TERMINAL 4.
5. DIMENSIONS A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE
MOLD FLASH OR GATE PROTRUSIONS. MOLD
FLASH AND GATE PROTRUSIONS NOT TO
EXCEED 0.025 (0.635) MAXIMUM.
6. SINGLE GAUGE DESIGN WILL BE SHIPPED
AFTER FPCN EXPIRATION IN OCTOBER 2011.
DIM
A
MIN MAX MIN MAX
MILLIMETERS
0.386 0.403 9.804 10.236
INCHES
B0.356 0.368 9.042 9.347
C0.170 0.180 4.318 4.572
D0.026 0.036 0.660 0.914
E0.045 0.055 1.143 1.397
F0.051 REF 1.295 REF
G0.100 BSC 2.540 BSC
H0.539 0.579 13.691 14.707
J0.125 MAX 3.175 MAX
K0.050 REF 1.270 REF
L0.000 0.010 0.000 0.254
M0.088 0.102 2.235 2.591
N0.018 0.026 0.457 0.660
P0.058 0.078 1.473 1.981
R
S0.116 REF 2.946 REF
U0.200 MIN 5.080 MIN
V0.250 MIN 6.350 MIN
__
A
12 3
K
F
B
J
S
H
D
M
0.010 (0.254) T
E
OPTIONAL
CHAMFER
BOTTOM VIEW
OPTIONAL CONSTRUCTIONS
TOP VIEW
SIDE VIEW
DUAL GAUGE
BOTTOM VIEW
L
T
P
RDETAIL C
SEATING
PLANE
2X
G
NM
CONSTRUCTION
D
C
DETAIL C
E
OPTIONAL
CHAMFER
SIDE VIEW
SINGLE GAUGE
CONSTRUCTION
S
C
DETAIL C
TT
D
E0.018 0.026 0.457 0.660
S
LM317, NCV317
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12
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
TO220, SINGLE GAUGE
T SUFFIX
CASE 221AB01
ISSUE A
NOTES:
1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982.
2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCHES.
3. DIMENSION Z DEFINES A ZONE WHERE ALL BODY AND
LEAD IRREGULARITIES ARE ALLOWED.
4. PRODUCT SHIPPED PRIOR TO 2008 HAD DIMENSIONS
S = 0.045 - 0.055 INCHES (1.143 - 1.397 MM)
DIM MIN MAX MIN MAX
MILLIMETERSINCHES
A0.570 0.620 14.48 15.75
B0.380 0.405 9.66 10.28
C0.160 0.190 4.07 4.82
D0.025 0.035 0.64 0.88
F0.142 0.147 3.61 3.73
G0.095 0.105 2.42 2.66
H0.110 0.155 2.80 3.93
J0.018 0.025 0.46 0.64
K0.500 0.562 12.70 14.27
L0.045 0.060 1.15 1.52
N0.190 0.210 4.83 5.33
Q0.100 0.120 2.54 3.04
R0.080 0.110 2.04 2.79
S0.020 0.024 0.508 0.61
T0.235 0.255 5.97 6.47
U0.000 0.050 0.00 1.27
V0.045 --- 1.15 ---
Z--- 0.080 --- 2.04
B
Q
H
Z
L
V
G
N
A
K
F
123
4
D
SEATING
PLANE
T
C
S
T
U
R
J
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LM317/D
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