TL431 / TL431A / TL431B (R) TM Precision programmable References P RODUCTION D ATA S HEET The TL431/TL431A/TL431B series precision adjustable three terminal shunt voltage regulators are pin-to-pin compatible with the industry standard TL431. The output voltage of this reference is programmable by using two external resistors from 2.5V to 36V. These devices offer low output impedance for improved load INITIAL VOLTAGE REFERENCE ACCURACY OF 0.4% (TL431B) SINK CURRENT CAPABILITY 1mA to 100mA TYPICAL OUTPUT DYNAMIC IMPEDANCE LESS THAN 200m; TYPICAL OUTPUT IMPEDANCE OF THE TL431B LESS THAN 100m ADJUSTABLE OUTPUT VOLTAGE FROM 2.5V TO 36V AVAILABLE IN SURFACE-MOUNT PACKAGES LOW OUTPUT NOISE TYPICAL EQUIVALENT FULL RANGE TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT OF 30ppm/C DIRECT PIN-TO-PIN REPLACEMENT FOR INDUSTRY STANDARD TL431 AND TL1431 regulation. The typical output impedance of these devices is 200m. These devices find application in the feedback path of switching power supplies, OVP crowbar circuits, reference for A/D, D/A, and as zener diodes with improved turn-on characteristics. IMPORTANT: For the most current data, consult MICROSEMI's website: http://www.microsemi.com WWW . Microsemi .C OM KEY FEATURES DESCRIPTION PRODUCT HIGHLIGHT Precision Programmable References VIN VOUT R1 TL431/A & TL431B R2 VO = 1+ R1 *VREF R2 PACKAGE ORDER INFO TA (C) -40 to 85 2% 1% 0.4% 2% 1% 0.4% DM Plastic SOIC 8-Pin LP Plastic TO-92 3-Pin PK Plastic TO-89 3 - Pin RoHS Compliant / Pb-free Transition DC: 0440 RoHS Compliant / Pb-free Transition DC: 0509 RoHS Compliant / Pb-free Transition DC: 0518 TL431CDM TL431ACDM TL431BCDM TL431IDM TL431AIDM TL431BIDM TL431CLP TL431ACLP TL431BCLP TL431ILP TL431AILP TL431BILP TL431CPK TL431ACPK TL431BCPK TL431IPK TL431AIPK TL461BIPK TL431X 0 to 70 Initial Tolerance Note: All surface mount packages are available in Tape & Reel. Append the letters "TR" to the part number. (i.e. LTL431AIDM-TR). The TO-92 (LP) package is available in ammo-pack. Copyright (c) 1999 Rev. 1.4, 2006-02-02 Microsemi Integrated Products Division 11861 Western Avenue, Garden Grove, CA. 92841, 714-898-8121, Fax: 714-893-2570 Page 1 TL431 / TL431A / TL431B (R) TM Precision programmable References P RODUCTION D ATA S HEET ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS PACKAGE PIN OUT Note: Exceeding these ratings could cause damage to the device. All voltages are with respect to Ground. Currents are positive into, negative out of specified terminal. Note 2. Voltage values are with respect to the anode terminal unless otherwise noted. THERMAL DATA DM 3. Cathode 2. Anode 1. Ref LP PACKAGE (Top View) Cathode 1 8 Ref N.C. 2 7 Anode Anode 3 6 Anode N.C. 4 5 N.C. WWW . Microsemi .C OM Cathode to Anode Voltage (VKA)(Note 2) ....................................................... -0.3 to 37V Reference Input Current (IREF).................................................................. -50A to 10mA Continuous Cathode Current (IK) .......................................................... -100mA to 150mA Operating Junction Temperature................................................................................ 150C Storage Temperature Range.........................................................................-65C to 150C Package Peak Temp. for Solder Reflow (40 seconds maximum exposure) ... 260C (+0 -5) DM PACKAGE Plastic SOIC 8-Pin THERMAL RESISTANCE-JUNCTION TO AMBIENT, JA (Top View) 165C/W PK Plastic TO-89 3-Pin THERMAL RESISTANCE-JUNCTION TO AMBIENT, JA Cathode 2 Anode 1 Ref 71C/W PK PACKAGE LP Plastic TO-92 3-Pin THERMAL RESISTANCE-JUNCTION TO AMBIENT, JA 3 (Top View) 156C/W RoHS / Pb-free 100% Matte Tin Lead Finish Junction Temperature Calculation: TJ = TA + (PD x JA). The JA numbers are guidelines for the thermal performance of the device/pc-board system. All of the above assume no ambient airflow. BLOCK DIAGRAM Cathode (K) Ref (R) PACKAGE DATA VREF Anode (A) Copyright (c) 1999 Rev. 1.4, 2006-02-02 Microsemi Integrated Products Division 11861 Western Avenue, Garden Grove, CA. 92841, 714-898-8121, Fax: 714-893-2570 Page 2 TL431 / TL431A / TL431B (R) TM Precision programmable References P RODUCTION D ATA S HEET Parameter Symbol TL431 TL431A TL431B TL431C TL431I TL431AC Reference Drift TL431AI TL431BC TL431BI TL431, Voltage Ratio, Ref to TL431A Cathode (Note 4) TL431B TL431, Reference Input TL431A Current TL431B Minimum Operating Current TL431 TL431A Off-State Cathode Current TL431B Reference Input Voltage TL431 VREF VREF VKA IREF IMIN IOFF I ZKA I Dynamic Impedance TL431B Test Conditions IK = 10mA, VKA = VREF, TA = 25C IK = 10mA, VKA = VREF, TA = 25C IK = 10mA, VKA = VREF, TA = 25C IK = 10mA, VKA = VREF IK = 10mA, VKA = VREF IK = 10mA, VKA = VREF IK = 10mA, VKA = VREF IK = 10mA, VKA = VREF IK = 10mA, VKA = VREF Min 2440 2470 2490 TL431/A/B Typ Max 2495 2495 2500 4 5 4 5 4 5 2550 2520 2510 17 30 17 30 15 20 IK = 10mA, VKA = 2.5V to 36V -1.4 -2.7 IK = 10mA, VKA = 2.5V to 36V -1.1 -2.0 2 4 1.5 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.18 1.9 1 1 1 2 0.5 0.2 0.5 0.1 0.2 VKA = VREF, TA = 25C VKA = VREF, TA = 25C VKA = VREF to 36V VKA = VREF to 36V, TA= 25C VKA = VREF to 36V, TA= 25C VKA = VREF to 36V, TA= Operating Range VKA = 36V, VREF = 0V, TA= 25C VKA = VREF, IK = 1mA to 100mA, f < 1kHz, TA = 25C VKA = VREF, IK = 1mA to 100mA, f < 1kHz, TA = 25C Units mV mV WWW . Microsemi .C OM ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Unless otherwise specified, these specifications apply over the operating ambient temperature for the TL431C/TL431AC/TL431BC with 0C < TA < 70C, and TL431I/TL431AI/TL431BI with -40C < TA < 85C mV/V A mA A Note 3: These parameters are guaranteed by design. Note 4: VREF Ratio of change in reference input voltage to the change in cathode voltage. VKA ELECTRICALS Copyright (c) 1999 Rev. 1.4, 2006-02-02 Microsemi Integrated Products Division 11861 Western Avenue, Garden Grove, CA. 92841, 714-898-8121, Fax: 714-893-2570 Page 3 TL431 / TL431A / TL431B (R) TM Precision programmable References P RODUCTION D ATA S HEET GRAPH / CURVE INDEX FIGURE INDEX Parameter Measurement Information Figure # 8. Test Circuit For VKA = VREF 9. Test Circuit For VKA > VREF 10. Test Circuit for IOFF Typical Characteristics Figure # 11. Equivalent Input Noise Voltage Over a 10-Second Period 12. Small-Signal Voltage Amplification vs. Frequency 13. Reference Impedance vs. Frequency 14. Pulse Response 15. Stability Boundary Conditions WWW . Microsemi .C OM Characteristic Curves Figure # 1. Reference Input Voltage vs. Free-Air Temperature 2. Reference INput Current vs. Free-Air Temperature 3. Cathode Current vs. Cathode Voltage 4. Cathode Current vs. Cathode Voltage 5. Off-State Cathode Current vs. Free-Air Temperature 6. Ratio of Delta Reference Voltage to Delta Cathode Voltage vs. Free-Air Temperature 7. Equivalent Input Noise Voltage vs. Frequency Application Information Figure # 16. Shunt Regulator 17. Single-Supply Comparator with TemperatureCompensated Threshold 18. High Current Shunt Regulator 19. Crowbar Circuit 20. Voltage Monitor 21. Precision Constant-Current Sink CHARTS Copyright (c) 1999 Rev. 1.4, 2006-02-02 Microsemi Integrated Products Division 11861 Western Avenue, Garden Grove, CA. 92841, 714-898-8121, Fax: 714-893-2570 Page 4 TL431 / TL431A / TL431B Precision programmable References (R) TM P RODUCTION D ATA S HEET CHARACTERISTIC CURVES 2.60 (VREF) Reference Input Voltage - (V) (IREF) Reference Input Current - (A) VREF= V KA IK = 10mA 2.58 VREF= 2550mV 2.56 TL431/A 2.54 2.52 TL431B 2.50 2.48 VREF= 2495mV TL431/A 2.46 2.44 VREF= 2440mV TL431/A 2.42 2.4 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 WWW . Microsemi .C OM 5 IK = 10mA R1 = IK = 10mA 4 3 TL431/A 2 TL431B 1 125 0 -50 -25 (TA ) Ambient Temperature - (C) Figure 1 - Reference Voltage vs. Free-Air Temperature 0 25 50 75 100 125 (TA ) Ambient Temperature - (C) Figure 2 - Reference Current vs. Free-Air Temperature 150 800 (IK) Cathode Current - (A) (IK) Cathode Current - (A) VKA = V REF TA = 25 C 125 100 75 50 25 0 TL431/A -25 TL431B -50 VKA = V REF TA = 25 C 600 IMIN 400 200 0 -75 -100 -1 0 1 -200 23 -1 (VKA ) Cathode Voltage - (V) Figure 3 - Cathode Current vs. Cathode Voltage Copyright (c) 1999 Rev. 1.4, 2006-02-02 0 1 CHARTS -2 23 (VKA ) Cathode Voltage - (V) Figure 4 - Cathode Current vs. Cathode Voltage Microsemi Integrated Products Division 11861 Western Avenue, Garden Grove, CA. 92841, 714-898-8121, Fax: 714-893-2570 Page 5 TL431 / TL431A / TL431B Precision programmable References (R) TM P RODUCTION D ATA S HEET CHARACTERISTIC CURVES TL431/A & TL431B VKA = 3V to 36V -0.95 VKA - (mV/V) 2 1.5 VREF / (IOFF) Off-State Cathode Current - (A) VKA = 36V VREF= 0 WWW . Microsemi .C OM -0.85 2.5 1 -1.05 -1.15 -1.25 -1.35 0.5 -1.45 0 -50 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 125 (TA ) Ambient Temperature - (C) Figure 6 - Ratio of Delta Reference Voltage to Delta Cathode Voltage vs. Free-Air Temperature Figure 5 - Off-State Cathode Current vs Free-Air Temperature (TA ) Ambient Temperature - (C) 260 IO = 10mA TA = 25 C (VN) Noise Voltage - (nV/ Hz) 240 220 200 180 160 140 120 100 100 1k 10k 100k CHARTS 10 (f) Frequency - (Hz) Figure 7 - Equivalent Input Noise Voltage vs. Frequency Copyright (c) 1999 Rev. 1.4, 2006-02-02 Microsemi Integrated Products Division 11861 Western Avenue, Garden Grove, CA. 92841, 714-898-8121, Fax: 714-893-2570 Page 6 TL431 / TL431A / TL431B Precision programmable References (R) TM P RODUCTION D ATA S HEET PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION VKA Input WWW . Microsemi .C OM VKA Input IK IK R1 IREF R2 VREF Figure 8 - Test Circuit for VKA = VREF VREF Figure 9 - Test Circuit for VKA > VREF VKA Input IOFF Figure 10 - Test Circuit for IOFF APPLICATIONS Copyright (c) 1999 Rev. 1.4, 2006-02-02 Microsemi Integrated Products Division 11861 Western Avenue, Garden Grove, CA. 92841, 714-898-8121, Fax: 714-893-2570 Page 7 TL431 / TL431A / TL431B Precision programmable References (R) TM P RODUCTION D ATA S HEET TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS WWW . Microsemi .C OM 6 f = 0.1 to 10Hz IK = 10mA TA = 25 C (VN) Input Noise Voltage - (V) 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 4 2 0 10 68 (t) Time - (s) Figure 11 - Equivalent Input Noise Voltage over a 10 - Second Period 19.1V 1k 500F VCC 910 2000 F VCC 1F TL431/A & TL431B (DUT) TLE2027 A V = 10V/mV 820 TLE2027 16 1F 160K 2.2F 16k APPLICATIONS 16k 33k A V = 2V/V 1M CRO 33k 0.1F VEE VEE Test Circuit for 0.1Hz to 10Hz Equivalent Input Noise Voltage Copyright (c) 1999 Rev. 1.4, 2006-02-02 Microsemi Integrated Products Division 11861 Western Avenue, Garden Grove, CA. 92841, 714-898-8121, Fax: 714-893-2570 Page 8 TL431 / TL431A / TL431B Precision programmable References (R) TM P RODUCTION D ATA S HEET TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (AY) Voltage Amplification - (dB) IK = 10mA TA = 25 C 60 WWW . Microsemi .C OM 70 Output 50 IK 230 15k 40 9F 30 20 8.25k 10 0 GND -10 10k 1k 100k 1M 10M Test Circuit for Voltage Amplification (f) Fre quency - (Hz) Figure 12 - Reference Impedance vs. Frequency (IzKAI) Reference Impedance 100 IK = 1mA to 100mA TA = 25 C Output 1k 10 IK 50 1 GND 0.1 10k 100k 1M 10M CHARTS 1k Test Circuit for Reference Impedance (f) Frequency - (Hz) Figure 13 - Reference Impedance vs. Frequency Copyright (c) 1999 Rev. 1.4, 2006-02-02 Microsemi Integrated Products Division 11861 Western Avenue, Garden Grove, CA. 92841, 714-898-8121, Fax: 714-893-2570 Page 9 TL431 / TL431A / TL431B Precision programmable References (R) TM P RODUCTION D ATA S HEET TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS VIN - (V) 5 Ou tput 4 220 3 2 Pulse Generator f = 100kHz (VKA) Output Voltage - (V) 1 0 50 WWW . Microsemi .C OM 6 3 2 GND 1 0 13 05 2 4 Test Circuit for Pulse Response 6 (t) Time - (s) Figure 14 - Pulse Response 100 A V KA = V REF B V KA = 5V C V KA = 10V D V KA = 15V (IK) Cathode Current - mA 90 80 IK = 10mA TA = 25 C IK R1=10k 150 B* CL 70 Stable Stable 60 R2 C* A* VBATT 50 40 30 Test Circuit for Curve A D* 150 20 10 IK 0.01 0.1 1 10 CL CHARTS 0 0.001 VBATT (CL) Load Capacitance - (F) Figure 15 - Stability Boundary Conditions *The areas under the curves represent conditions that may cause the device to oscillate. For curves B, C, and D, R2 and V+ were adjusted to establish the initial VKA and IK conditions with CL = 0. VBATT and CL were then adjusted to determine the ranges of stability. Test Circuit for Curve B, C, D Copyright (c) 1999 Rev. 1.4, 2006-02-02 Microsemi Integrated Products Division 11861 Western Avenue, Garden Grove, CA. 92841, 714-898-8121, Fax: 714-893-2570 Page 10 TL431 / TL431A / TL431B (R) TM Precision programmable References P RODUCTION D ATA S HEET APPLICATION INFORMATION VBATT VBATT VO IK R1 0.1% TL431/A & TL431B TL431/A & TL431B VREF R2 0.1% VO = 1 + WWW . Microsemi .C OM R (see Note) VON 2V VOFF VBATT Input R1 * VREF R2 Figure 16 - Shunt Regulator GND Note: R should provide > 1mA cathode current to the TL431/A & TL1431 at minimum VBATT VBATT VO Figure 17 - Single-Supply Comparator with TemperatureCompensated Threshold VO VBATT VO R1 R1 TL431/A & TL431B TL431/A & TL431B R2 VO = 1 + C (see Note) R2 R1 * VREF R2 Figure 18 - High Current Shunt Regulator Figure 19 - Crowbar Circuit Note: Refer to the stability boundary conditions in Figure 15 to determine allowable values for C. R3 (see Note) 12V R4 (Note) R1A TL431/A & TL431B VBATT IO R2A TL431/A & TL431B R2B High Limit = 1 + APPLICATIONS RS 0.1% R1B Low Limit = 1 + * VREF R2B R1B * VREF R2B LED on when Low Limit < VBATT < High Limit Figure 20 - Voltage Monitor Figure 21 - Precision Contact - Current Sink Note: R3 and R4 are selected to provide the desired LED intensity and > 1mA cathode current to the TL431/A & TL431B at the available V+ Copyright (c) 1999 Rev. 1.4, 2006-02-02 Microsemi Integrated Products Division 11861 Western Avenue, Garden Grove, CA. 92841, 714-898-8121, Fax: 714-893-2570 Page 11